T1573.001: T1573.001

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216.73.217.139

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View on MITRE ATT&CK The MITRE Corporation · Published 16/03/2020 16:45 · Modified 27/03/2026 01:08

Essential information

MITRE technique ID: T1573.001
Confidence: 100/100
Revoked: No
Published: 16/03/2020 16:45
Modified: 27/03/2026 01:08
Author / Source: The MITRE Corporation

Aliases

Symmetric Cryptography

Platforms

windows macos linux Network Devices ESXi

Description

Adversaries may employ a known symmetric encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Symmetric encryption algorithms use the same key for plaintext encryption and ciphertext decryption. Common symmetric encryption algorithms include AES, DES, 3DES, Blowfish, and RC4.

Kill chain phases

Kill chain	Phase
mitre-attack	command-and-control

Marking (TLP)

External references

mitre-attack (T1573.001)
University of Birmingham C2

Related entities

Intrusion sets, malware, reports, vulnerabilities, indicators and other entities linked to this technique.

Intrusion sets (APT) (57)

GhostShell related

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
GlassWorm related

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Harvester related

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Higaisa related

The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[Higaisa](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0126) is a threat group suspected to have South Korean origins. [Higaisa](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0126) has targeted government, public, and trade organizations in North Korea; however, they have also carried out…

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Hive0145 related

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Inception Framework related Cloud AtlasInception

The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[Inception](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0100) is a cyber espionage group active since at least 2014. The group has targeted multiple industries and governmental entities primarily in Russia, but has also been active…

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
KONNI related

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Konni Group related

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Lazarus related

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·

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49–57 of 57

Hikit uses

Family The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[Hikit](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0009) is malware that has been used by [Axiom](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0001) for late-stage persistence and exfiltration after the initial compromise.(Citation: Novetta-Axiom)(Citation: FireEye Hikit Rootkit)

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
QUIC RAT uses

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Remcos uses

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
NDiskMonitor uses

Family The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[NDiskMonitor](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0272) is a custom backdoor written in .NET that appears to be unique to [Patchwork](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0040). (Citation: TrendMicro Patchwork Dec 2017)

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
CoolClient uses

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
GammaPhish uses

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Mafalda uses

Family The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[Mafalda](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1060) is a flexible interactive implant that has been used by [Metador](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1013). Security researchers assess the [Mafalda](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1060) name may be inspired by an Argentinian cartoon character that has…

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Gazer uses

Family The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[Gazer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0168) is a backdoor used by [Turla](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0010) since at least 2016. (Citation: ESET Gazer Aug 2017)

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
down_new uses

Family The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[down_new](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0472) is a downloader that has been used by [BRONZE BUTLER](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0060) since at least 2019.(Citation: Trend Micro Tick November 2019)

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
RTM uses

Family The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[RTM](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0148) is custom malware written in Delphi. It is used by the group of the same name ([RTM](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0048)). Newer versions of the malware have been reported publicly as…

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Stellar loader uses

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Interlock uses

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·

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1–12 of 79

OptinMonster supply chain attack hits 1.2 million sites related

AlienVault Confidence 100 20 MITREs 10 IOCs 10 Observables
Threat Actors Weaponize AI Hype to Deliver AsyncRAT related

AlienVault Confidence 100 19 MITREs 1 Malware 6 IOCs 6 Observables
From Malspam to Fileless .NET Loader related

1 CVE 20 MITREs 9 Observables
Old WinRAR Flaw Fuels Attacks on Ukraine: How … related

AlienVault Confidence 100 3 CVEs 16 MITREs 2 Malwares 53 IOCs 53 Observables 1 APT
Agentic AI Uncovers New China-Linked Cluster OP-512 related

AlienVault Confidence 100 19 MITREs 11 Malwares 7 IOCs 7 Observables 1 APT
ClickFix Is Now Hiring: From Job Platform Impersonation … related

AlienVault Confidence 100 18 MITREs 1 Malware 58 IOCs 58 Observables
Argamal: Malware hidden in hentai games related

1 CVE 19 MITREs 2 Malwares 2 Observables
TA4922: The Suspected Chinese Crime Group is Going … related

AlienVault Confidence 100 23 MITREs 8 Malwares 23 IOCs 23 Observables 1 APT
FSB’s matryoshka #2/3 – Gamaredon’s gifts that keeps … related

19 MITREs 5 Malwares 1 Observable 1 APT
Nimbus RAT: How Threat Actors Are Abusing Microsoft … related

30 MITREs 1 Malware 3 Observables
A miner with a side of RAT: the … related

AlienVault Confidence 100 21 MITREs 2 Malwares 7 IOCs 7 Observables
Fast and Furious - Nimbus Manticore Operations During … related

20 MITREs 2 Malwares 27 Observables 1 APT

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13–24 of 50

Vulnerabilities (CVE) (52)

CVE-2026-1731 KEV targets

9.9 Critical

BeyondTrust Remote Support (RS) and Privileged Remote Access (PRA)contain an OS command injection vulnerability. Successful exploitation could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker …

Attack vector: Network
Published: 13/02/2026
Modified: 20/02/2026

Received

CVE-2021-26855 KEV targets

Microsoft Exchange Server contains an unspecified vulnerability that allows for remote code execution. This vulnerability is part of the ProxyLogon exploit chain.

Published: 03/11/2021
Modified: 20/12/2025

CVE-2022-0073 targets

8.8 High

Improper Input Validation vulnerability in LiteSpeed Technologies OpenLiteSpeed Web Server and LiteSpeed Web Server dashboards allows Command Injection. This affects 1.7.0 versions …

Attack vector: NETWORK
Published: 27/10/2022
Modified: 21/12/2025

CVE-2025-3935 KEV targets

8.1 High

ScreenConnect versions 25.2.3 and earlier versions may be susceptible to a ViewState code injection attack. ASP.NET Web Forms use ViewState to preserve …

Attack vector: Network
Published: 02/06/2025
Modified: 21/12/2025

Received

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49–52 of 52

T1573 subtechnique-of

Encrypted Channel MITRE

Tool (2)

QuasarRAT uses

The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[QuasarRAT](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0262) is an open-source, remote access tool that has been publicly available on GitHub since at least 2014. [QuasarRAT](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0262) is developed in the C# language.(Citation: GitHub QuasarRAT)(Citation: Volexity…
Sliver uses

The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[Sliver](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0633) is an open source, cross-platform, red team command and control (C2) framework written in Golang. [Sliver](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0633) includes its own package manager, "armory," for staging and downloading additional…

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