T1573.001: T1573.001

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216.73.216.101

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View on MITRE ATT&CK The MITRE Corporation · Published 16/03/2020 16:45 · Modified 27/03/2026 01:08

Essential information

MITRE technique ID: T1573.001
Confidence: 100/100
Revoked: No
Published: 16/03/2020 16:45
Modified: 27/03/2026 01:08
Author / Source: The MITRE Corporation

Aliases

Symmetric Cryptography

Platforms

windows macos linux Network Devices ESXi

Description

Adversaries may employ a known symmetric encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Symmetric encryption algorithms use the same key for plaintext encryption and ciphertext decryption. Common symmetric encryption algorithms include AES, DES, 3DES, Blowfish, and RC4.

Kill chain phases

Kill chain	Phase
mitre-attack	command-and-control

Marking (TLP)

External references

mitre-attack (T1573.001)
University of Birmingham C2

Related entities

Intrusion sets, malware, reports, vulnerabilities, indicators and other entities linked to this technique.

Intrusion sets (APT) (57)

GlassWorm related

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Harvester related

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Higaisa related

The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[Higaisa](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0126) is a threat group suspected to have South Korean origins. [Higaisa](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0126) has targeted government, public, and trade organizations in North Korea; however, they have also carried out…

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Hive0145 related

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Inception Framework related Cloud AtlasInception

The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[Inception](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0100) is a cyber espionage group active since at least 2014. The group has targeted multiple industries and governmental entities primarily in Russia, but has also been active…

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
KONNI related

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Konni Group related

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Lazarus related

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
LegionLoader related

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·

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49–57 of 57

Hikit uses

Family The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[Hikit](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0009) is malware that has been used by [Axiom](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0001) for late-stage persistence and exfiltration after the initial compromise.(Citation: Novetta-Axiom)(Citation: FireEye Hikit Rootkit)

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
QUIC RAT uses

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Remcos uses

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
NDiskMonitor uses

Family The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[NDiskMonitor](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0272) is a custom backdoor written in .NET that appears to be unique to [Patchwork](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0040). (Citation: TrendMicro Patchwork Dec 2017)

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
CoolClient uses

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
GammaPhish uses

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Mafalda uses

Family The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[Mafalda](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1060) is a flexible interactive implant that has been used by [Metador](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1013). Security researchers assess the [Mafalda](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S1060) name may be inspired by an Argentinian cartoon character that has…

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Gazer uses

Family The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[Gazer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0168) is a backdoor used by [Turla](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0010) since at least 2016. (Citation: ESET Gazer Aug 2017)

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
down_new uses

Family The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[down_new](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0472) is a downloader that has been used by [BRONZE BUTLER](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0060) since at least 2019.(Citation: Trend Micro Tick November 2019)

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
RTM uses

Family The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[RTM](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0148) is custom malware written in Delphi. It is used by the group of the same name ([RTM](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0048)). Newer versions of the malware have been reported publicly as…

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Stellar loader uses

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·
Interlock uses

AlienVault Confidence 100

First seen 01/01/1970 · Last seen 16/11/5138 ·

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1–12 of 79

Analysis of Ongoing Ousaban Attacks Targeting the Iberian … related

AlienVault Confidence 100 20 MITREs 3 Malwares 28 IOCs 8 Observables
RAT Abuses TON Blockchain to Target Japan's Hotel … related

AlienVault Confidence 100 1 CVE 18 MITREs 1 Malware 140 IOCs 127 Observables
CL-STA-1062 Targets Southeast Asian Governments and Critical Infrastructure related

AlienVault Confidence 100 19 MITREs 3 Malwares 6 IOCs 1 APT
KimJongRAT Continues to Evolve by Leveraging LOTS related

AlienVault Confidence 100 20 MITREs 2 Malwares 11 IOCs 7 Observables 1 APT
StealC and Amadey: Breaking down infostealers and the … related

AlienVault Confidence 100 25 MITREs 6 Malwares 39 IOCs 24 Observables
StrikeShark: a new campaign involving a custom SharkLoader … related

AlienVault Confidence 100 13 CVEs 22 MITREs 6 Malwares 5 IOCs 4 Observables
Ukraine's UAV Supply Chain Targeted With Besomar-Themed Malware … related

AlienVault Confidence 100 20 MITREs 1 Malware 3 IOCs 1 APT
macOS.Gaslight | Rust Backdoor Turns Prompt Injection on … related

AlienVault Confidence 100 19 MITREs 3 Malwares 4 IOCs 1 APT
From PostCSS Masquerading to Windows RAT related

AlienVault Confidence 100 20 MITREs 9 IOCs 3 Observables
Popa: From Sourcing to Distribution related

AlienVault Confidence 100 8 MITREs 5 Malwares 200 IOCs 200 Observables
WebAssembly Malware Found in Trojanized Open VSX Extensions related

AlienVault Confidence 100 17 MITREs 1 Malware 12 IOCs 12 Observables 1 APT
OptinMonster supply chain attack hits 1.2 million sites related

AlienVault Confidence 100 20 MITREs 10 IOCs 10 Observables

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1–12 of 50

Vulnerabilities (CVE) (52)

CVE-2026-1731 KEV targets

9.9 Critical

BeyondTrust Remote Support (RS) and Privileged Remote Access (PRA)contain an OS command injection vulnerability. Successful exploitation could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker …

Attack vector: Network
Published: 13/02/2026
Modified: 20/02/2026

Received

CVE-2021-26855 KEV targets

Microsoft Exchange Server contains an unspecified vulnerability that allows for remote code execution. This vulnerability is part of the ProxyLogon exploit chain.

Published: 03/11/2021
Modified: 20/12/2025

CVE-2022-0073 targets

8.8 High

Improper Input Validation vulnerability in LiteSpeed Technologies OpenLiteSpeed Web Server and LiteSpeed Web Server dashboards allows Command Injection. This affects 1.7.0 versions …

Attack vector: NETWORK
Published: 27/10/2022
Modified: 21/12/2025

CVE-2025-3935 KEV targets

8.1 High

ScreenConnect versions 25.2.3 and earlier versions may be susceptible to a ViewState code injection attack. ASP.NET Web Forms use ViewState to preserve …

Attack vector: Network
Published: 02/06/2025
Modified: 21/12/2025

Received

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49–52 of 52

T1573 subtechnique-of

Encrypted Channel MITRE

Tool (2)

QuasarRAT uses

The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[QuasarRAT](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0262) is an open-source, remote access tool that has been publicly available on GitHub since at least 2014. [QuasarRAT](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0262) is developed in the C# language.(Citation: GitHub QuasarRAT)(Citation: Volexity…
Sliver uses

The MITRE Corporation Confidence 100

[Sliver](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0633) is an open source, cross-platform, red team command and control (C2) framework written in Golang. [Sliver](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0633) includes its own package manager, "armory," for staging and downloading additional…

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