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Analysis of APT-C-53 (Gamaredon) Attack on Ukrainian Government Agencies

· Published 01/09/2025 09:55 · Modified 01/09/2025 10:32

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Essential information

Published
01/09/2025 09:55
Modified
01/09/2025 10:32
Tags
2025-09-01 apt cloudflareworkers cyberespionage devtunnels dropbox powershell russia ukraine vbscript
Related entities
11 observables, 1 intrusion sets (apt), 8 techniques (mitre), 3 others

Description

-C-53, also known as Gamaredon, is a Russian state-sponsored threat group active since 2013, targeting Ukrainian government and military entities. The group has upgraded its attack techniques, focusing on dynamic cloud-based C2 infrastructure and targeted delivery of cloud storage tools. In 2025, they conducted high-density intelligence theft activities against Ukrainian government agencies. The attack chain involves dynamic changes in infrastructure, abuse of Microsoft Dev Tunnels, and sophisticated data exfiltration techniques. The group employs white-listed domain camouflage, domain shadowing, and weaponization of cloud tunnel services to evade detection. Their data theft process includes registry-based persistence, multi-stage payload delivery via Cloudflare Workers, and exfiltration through legitimate cloud tools like .

External references